GIS-Datei-Format: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen
Stefan (Diskussion | Beiträge) K (→Ueberblick) |
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=== Allgemeines === | === Allgemeines === | ||
| − | Siehe [[Grafikformat]]e wie GIF | + | Siehe [[Grafikformat]]e wie PNG, (GIF), TIFF (GeoTIFF), etc.. |
=== ASCII Grid (.grd) === | === ASCII Grid (.grd) === | ||
| − | Refers to a specifc interchange format developed for | + | Refers to a specifc grid interchange format developed for Esri / ArcInfo rasters in ASCII format which consists of exactly one attribute (channel). |
| − | The format consists of a header that specifies the geographic domain and resolution, followed by the actual grid cell values. Usually the file extension is .asc, but recent versions of ESRI software also recognize the extension .grd. | + | The format consists of a header that specifies the geographic domain and resolution, followed by the actual grid cell values. |
| + | Usually the file extension is .asc, but recent versions of ESRI software also recognize the extension .grd. | ||
Es können Werte von entweder integer (+/- 2 Milliarden) oder Float (+/- 10E38, 15 Digits) verwaltet werden. | Es können Werte von entweder integer (+/- 2 Milliarden) oder Float (+/- 10E38, 15 Digits) verwaltet werden. | ||
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row 2 | row 2 | ||
... | ... | ||
| − | |||
== Vektordatei-Formate == | == Vektordatei-Formate == | ||
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== Weblinks == | == Weblinks == | ||
* GIS-Datei-Format auf [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS_Datei-Format Wikipedia] | * GIS-Datei-Format auf [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS_Datei-Format Wikipedia] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Kategorie:Dateiformat]] [[Kategorie:Vektor]] [[Kategorie:Raster]] | ||
Aktuelle Version vom 22. April 2019, 16:04 Uhr
Siehe auch Geodaten
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Ueberblick
Man unterscheidet bei den GIS-Datei-Formaten, 1. Rasterdatei-Formate und 2. Vektorformate.
Die wichtigsten GIS-Datei-Formate in der Schweiz sind (subjektive Liste ohne empirische Grundlage):
- Vektor: Shapefile, DXF, Personal Geodatabase, GML, KML, GeoJSON, INTERLIS
- Raster: TIFF/GeoTIFF, ECW, GPX
Succeeded conversions at GeoConverter website (Source: GISpunkt HSR S. Keller, 20.02.2009 - 3.12.2011):
| Format | in | in % | Ranking | out | out % | Ranking | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSV | 608 | 4.4 | 5 | 288 | 2.1 | 6 | - |
| GML | 225 | 1.6 | 6 | 496 | 3.6 | 4 | - |
| GPX | 2206 | 16.1 | 3 | 486 | 3.6 | 4 | - |
| ILI1/ITF | 119 | 0.9 | 7 | 433 | 3.2 | 5 | - |
| KML | 5909 | 43.1 | 1 | 3357 | 24.6 | 2 | - |
| MIF | 867 | 6.3 | 4 | 2286 | 16.8 | 3 | - |
| OSM/XML | 883 | 6.4 | 4 | 0 | 0.0 | 8 | no OSM output available |
| SHP | 2681 | 19.5 | 2 | 6269 | 46.0 | 1 | - |
| ILI2/XML | 225 | 1.6 | 6 | 15 | 0.1 | 7 | - |
| SUM | 13723 | 100.0 | - | 13630 | 100.0 | - | - |
Fazit: KML, SHP and GPX are the 3 most used source formats; SHP, KML and MIF are the 3 most used target formats.
Rasterdatei-Formate
Allgemeines
Siehe Grafikformate wie PNG, (GIF), TIFF (GeoTIFF), etc..
ASCII Grid (.grd)
Refers to a specifc grid interchange format developed for Esri / ArcInfo rasters in ASCII format which consists of exactly one attribute (channel). The format consists of a header that specifies the geographic domain and resolution, followed by the actual grid cell values. Usually the file extension is .asc, but recent versions of ESRI software also recognize the extension .grd.
Es können Werte von entweder integer (+/- 2 Milliarden) oder Float (+/- 10E38, 15 Digits) verwaltet werden.
Links:
- http://docs.codehaus.org/display/GEOTOOLS/ArcInfo+ASCII+Grid+format
- http://www.safe.com/support/online-documentation/ReadersWriters/ReadersWriters.htm#esriasciigrid_-_esri_ascii_grid_reader_writer.htm
Description:
The numbers of rows and columns are defined in the Grid NDX, NDY fields of the corresponding windows.
This format is used to export distributions in a ArcInfo compatible ASCII grid format. Cell Origin 0 or 0.5.
Syntax:
ncols [number of columns] nrows [number of rows] xllcorner [x coordinate of lower left corner] yllcorner [y coordinate of lower left corner] cellsize [cell size in meters] nodata_value [value which will be used if no data in grid cell; default is -9999] row 1 row 2 ...
Vektordatei-Formate
alphabetisch.
CSV
.csv oder andere (.txt)
DXF
- .dxf
- .dwg
GeoRSS
- .rss: GeoRSS Simple/RSS
- .atom: GeoRSS Simple/Atom
- auch .xml
GML
Geography Markup Language
- .gml
- auch .xml
INTERLIS
- .ili: Datenbeschreibung (ASCII)
- .itf: INTERLIS 1-Format ITF (ASCII)
- .xml: INTERLIS 2-Format (XML)
- .uml: UML/INTERLIS-Format (XML)
KML
.kml .kmz
Mikroformate
- .html
Siehe http://microformats.org/wiki/geo
Shapefile
- .shp Ein Shapefile besteht aus einem zwingenden Paar mit Endung .shp und .dbf. (siehe auch unten).
ESRI GIS-Datei-Formate
ESRI-Formate und ihre Extensions:
- .aep = ArcExporer-Projekt-Datei
- .shp: The Shapefile contains the geospatial data (Shapefile, Shape).
- .shx: The SHX file contains the index of the geospatial data (derived from shp).
- .dbf: The DBF file contains the attribute data in dBASE format.
- .prj: The PRJ file contains the coordinate system information (optional).
- .avl: The AVL file contains the legend information (optional).
- .sbn/.sbx: The SBN and SBX files contain the spatial index of the geospatial data (optional).
- .xml: The XML file (*.shp.xml) contains the metadata describing the data set (optional).
- .grd: ASCII Grid (siehe oben)
- .tfw, .jgw: Siehe World file.
- .gdb: File Geodatabase (Directory)
- .mdb: Personal Geodatabase - Einzelne Datei im Microsoft Access Format
ArcExplorer kann ArcView-Projekte darstellen: .aep = ArcExporer-Projekt-Datei
Weblinks
- GIS-Datei-Format auf Wikipedia
